The plan should detail the activities at each stage, goals, deadlines and performance indicators.
The plan (in Russian practice, the "Program") is a convenient tool for monitoring the implementation of the project.
The plan is developed based on the collected initial information, goals and objectives, as well as selected tools for implementation.
Investment plan
- Investment plan: an assessment in the medium term of the necessary costs to achieve specific targets.
- Organizational plan: includes the development of human resources, including through partnership and outsourcing, designed to guide institutional transformation.
- Communication plan: includes a description of the achievement of the targeted information campaign: from informing to direct participation of the population and other stakeholders.
- Financial plan: the budget for the medium term should reflect the priorities of the development plan.
The ways in which changes are implemented largely determine how successful these innovations will be.
The implementation of your Plan itself plays a crucial role, because if what was designed during the planning process is not implemented properly, then it will not have the expected results.
In order to ensure proper implementation of the plan, certain tools have been developed covering a wide range of aspects in order to integrate the planned changes into the existing system.
Tools for implementing changes
Political instruments
The successful implementation of a strategic goal often depends on the presence of political will. Examples of political instruments:
- comprehensive product policy, including measures such as manufacturer's responsibility, eco-labeling, life cycle analysis and environmental management system;
- environmental agreements between industry and authorities to produce environmentally friendly products.
Legislative instruments
The adoption of appropriate legislation is crucial.
Legislative instruments can be used as an additional means of pressure to achieve the strategic goals defined in the framework of the Development Plan.
The legislation provides the basis for law enforcement and sanctions, that is, regulation of the behavior of individuals and legal entities, using the example of a waste management system:
- responsibilities of the waste producer, private waste collectors and waste recyclers;
- percentage of waste to be recycled;
- the volume that will be sent for burial.
Communication tools
Effective communication is crucial.
Why? Because they allow you to achieve different goals:
- The educational goal is to teach people to do the "right thing", to inform people what to do. For example, how to properly sort waste, or where you can bring certain fractions (old things or batteries).
- The motivating goal is to inform people what they get if they do the "right thing" or vice versa. Motivation can include both material incentives (tariffs for the collection of recyclables, for example) and non-material (mechanisms of social approval).
Economic instruments
Economic methods are just as effective as regulatory ones.
Economic instruments can contribute to the optimal use of services and, for example, stimulate the reduction of waste production.
In particular, economic instruments make it possible to ensure:
- Payback of the system: the use of economic instruments allows you to cover the costs of maintaining a waste management system (landfill fees, waste removal fees, fees for recyclable waste).
- Motivation: economic instruments allow changing the behavior of the population, making it acceptable. For example, high tariffs for recyclable materials, provide a high percentage of waste recycling.
Organizational tools
Most often, changes in the management system within the framework of the reform are very significant. For this reason, it is necessary to know new technologies and methods, as well as training at all levels.
Implementation, control and monitoring require certain administrative capabilities at all levels.
In particular, we can talk about the following:
- Human resource development: People should have access to information, knowledge, and also have the opportunity to undergo training that increases their effectiveness.
- Organizational development: development of the structure, processes and procedures for waste management not only within the organization, but also taking into account its interaction with other organizations — public, private and public.
- Development of the institutional and legal framework: making changes to the regulatory framework that allow organizations and institutions at all levels and in all sectors to be more effective.
Partnership
The development of partnerships is an important mechanism. It provides the means of production and provides the conditions under which services are formed.
It is important to encourage partnership at the planning stage.
Partnership categories include:
- private;
- public-private;
- private non-profit partnership (NGO/NGO).
In recent years, there has been a global trend in the development of public-private partnerships. It is especially effective at the municipal level, where public funds are limited and inefficient, and inadequate quality of services not only damages the environment, but also poses a serious danger to human health.
The partnership allows you to significantly reduce the cost of equipment and wages. The most common types of partnerships are:
- cooperation;
- service and management contracts;
- leasing, rent;
- concession;
- privatization and transfer of ownership;
- joint ventures.
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